The term CBD refers to the molecule called cannabidiol. It is found in the cannabis plant in varying amounts, along with more than a hundred other molecules known as cannabinoids, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). These represent a family of active ingredients found in cannabis. The best known cannabinoid is THC (tetrahydrocannabinol).
Each of these cannabinoids interacts with our neuroreceptors. While THC causes psychotropic effects, CBD does not. According to the latest scientific research, its interaction with the body seems to be limited to feelings of well-being. As a result, it does not act on the same receptors as THC.
According to different research, the benefits of CBD come from its action on the endocannabinoid system (ECS). "This system is involved in key biological processes such as sleep, appetite, pain and memory," states the Geneva University Hospitals (HUG) website.
Since 2011, cannabis containing less than 1% THC is not regulated by the Swiss Drug Law (LStup, SR 812.121). CBD itself is also not regulated by this law as it does not cause any psychoactive effect.
With its reputation as a "cure-all", the cannabidiol content in cannabis and its derivatives is not, for the time being, subject to any specific regulation. This means that as long as a product - whether oil, flower or herbal tea - does not exceed the 1% THC threshold, it is legal regardless of its CBD content.
To date, there is no European legislation on cannabis. Each country in the Union is responsible for establishing its own laws on the subject. This explains the differences that can be found when crossing borders. One thing is clear, most of the countries surrounding Switzerland are less tolerant of cannabis. In France, Germany and the United Kingdom, for example, only hemp containing less than 0.2% THC can be cultivated. In Italy, the theoretical limit is also 0.2%, but a margin of error of up to 0.6% THC is tolerated. Note that the European Commission has ruled that CBD is not considered a narcotic - it is therefore a perfectly legal substance that can be marketed throughout Europe.
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